The role of gene editing in the future of the fetus: circumstances for wrongful life

Abstract

Advancements in gene editing and reproductive medicine, particularly through technologies like CRISPR-Cas9, hold the promise of eradicating diseases in fetuses before symptoms arise. While these techniques foreshadow signi�cant social bene�ts, it also introduces complex ethical and legal responsibilities for the medical community. This thesis examines the emergent moral obligation to employ gene editing for disease prevention in fetuses, exploring the rami�cations for existing legislation and medical ethics. The key question is whether a moral duty exists to use gene editing safely to treat severe genetic diseases in fetuses, asserting that failure to do so contravenes the physician's fundamental duty to avoid harm and do good. This could legitimize wrongful life lawsuits against medical professionals for not preventing severe genetic diseases. Moreover, we debate the extension of wrongful life claims to cases of genetic enhancement, arguing that while gene editing should aim to ensure a 'genetic decent minimum,' it must cautiously approach the ethical challenge of enhancing non-disease traits. This thesis contributes to the discussion by assessing these issues while advocating for a balanced approach that prioritizes ethical considerations in the advancement of gene editing.