Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) for post-operative pain management: an education module for registered nurses

Abstract

Background: Providing effective pain management post-operatively is essential to prevent complications after surgery, increase patient satisfaction and ultimately enhance optimal post-surgical outcomes. Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a method of post-operative pain management which can achieve all of these outcomes and improve the overall quality of post-surgical care provided. Registered Nurses (RNs) at the Labrador West Health Centre (LWHC) in Labrador City, NL identified a lack of knowledge and experience with caring for patients receiving intravenous PCA. By providing a resource to enhance the knowledge of RNs regarding this method of post-surgical pain management, PCA will be a more feasible option for patients at the LWHC, where the current practice of intermittent intravenous or intramuscular injections of opioids remains in use. Purpose: The purpose of this practicum was to develop an educational resource for RNs focusing on the care of patients receiving PCA post-operatively. As a result of this educational resource, an increase in knowledge and confidence of RNs at the LWHC in using PCA is expected. Methods: An integrative literature review, consultations with key informants, and an environmental scan of other facilities within Newfoundland and Labrador were conducted. Results: Blended education has been found to be effective when educating RNs. This involves the use of self-directed and face-to-face learning. In keeping with this method of blended education, an educational module was created along with a face-to-face education session involving a discussion of case studies and the use of pre and post-tests. Conclusion: Prior to implementation, key informants from the LWHC will review the content of the education module. This module, combined with a face-to-face session, is expected to increase the knowledge and confidence of RNs along with improving the quality of post-operative care offered to patients. It is further anticipated that the implementation of this education module will lead to the consistent use of intravenous PCA as a method of post-operative pain management at the LWHC, thus enhancing optimal post-surgical outcomes.