Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in the treat of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for brain development but their dietary intake is low. Controlled trials of omega-3 fatty acids in Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest benefit but have limitations. The purpose was to conduct a small clinical trial to serve as a pilot study. -- Methods: This was a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial, supplementing youth (6-17 years old) with ADHD, with an omega-3 fatty acid supplement or identical placebo for 6 months. The primary outcome measure was the Conners' ADHD scale. -- Results: There were recruitment problems requiring inclusion/exclusion criteria revision. Seven (of 10) patients per group were recruited. Withdrawal was a problem; 57% of participants did not return following treatment assignment. One participant per group completed the study. Treatment assignment did not affect study withdrawal. Tolerability was a major reason for withdrawal in both groups. No differences in study outcomes were detected. -- Conclusions: Several limitations and potential protocol enhancements were identified, including a change of supplement. No conclusions could be made regarding the efficacy of this supplement in the treatment of ADHD.