Dynamic Simulation of an Off Grid Photovoltaic System with backup battery and generator for a Remote house in Nigeria

Abstract

This paper presents the simulation of an off grid Photovoltaic (PV) system with battery and generator backup for a house located in the remote areas of Edo State ,Nigeria. The case study is for a house with a peak load of 1.26kW and 3.4kWh daily energy consumption. The design was carried out using Homer Pro and simulation was performed in the Matlab Simulink software, the system is made up of 1.23kW PV comprised of 4 modules (325W, 2 in series, 2 in parallel), MPPT (maximum power point tracking), a DC –DC buck converter for stepping down the voltage, 4 batteries each of 12V, 350Ahr (48V, series connection), and a backup generator of 4.8kW. The system also incorporates a 1.6kW inverter which converts the output DC voltage from 48V to an equivalent AC. A step-up transformer connected directly to the inverter boosts the voltage from 48V AC to an output voltage of 220V AC for supply to the load. The dynamic simulation results and response to changing inputs are presented in this paper.