The role of the vocalization of harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) pups in preventing separation from their mothers

Abstract

Interactions between harbour seal (Phoca vitulina concolor) mothers and pups were observed, and recordings were made of pup vocalizations, on the island of Miquelon near southeastern Newfoundland, Canada. Pup vocalizations were individually distinct on the basis of several physical parameters, most importantly the frequency of the major harmonic. These data and analyses of contextual variables indicated that the mothers might use these vocalizations for individual recognition of their offspring and for ensuring that contact is maintained. Calls can be transmitted simultaneously in air and underwater and it is hypothesized that differences between these versions of the calls increase the accuracy with which the mothers can localize their pups.